So-called stealth aircraft or aircraft is very quiet aircraft designed to menyer
ap and deflect radar using the Tech
ologi stealth, making it more difficult to detect. In general, the goal is m
elancarkan attack while he was still outside enemy detection. F-117 Nighthawk is one type of stealth aircraft used angk
atan air in the Gulf War the United States.
Stealth aircraft has the ability to avoid detection, better detection of visual, audio, heat sensors, and radio waves (radar). Visually, the plane is more difficult to see if having the same color as the background color (camouflage).
In the audio, of course, trying to make the plane more calmly. In heat sensors,
plane is usually detected from the heat arising from the body or from the surrounding air temperature. Hottest part of the plane is typically the exhaust channels air or engine exhaust and the leading edge (the first part of the plane through the air). Heat from the exhaust can be reduced by mixing with the engine bursts of cold air from outside the fuselage before the plane is blown out and extend the exhaust pipe (such as A-4 Skyhawk Indonesia that have exhaust is longer than the standard version). Exhaust part is usually pursued by anti-aircraft missiles with infrared sensors. However, modern heat-seeking missiles now also have the ability to detect
and pursuing the heat generated due to the friction surface of the fuselage with the air.
Detection of radio waves is a way to prevent radio waves from the radar is reflected from the fuselage and returned to the radar. Radio waves can be absorbed if the airframe coated RAM (Radar Absorbent Material), is reflected in the other direction, or such that the wave becomes lost or cancel each other out (this is the underlying form of stealth aircraft that have a shape other than a regular plane or a bit weird ).
Stealth aircraft are usually not 100% undetectable radar. But because it has the RCS (Radar Cross Section) is small then only visible on the radar screen for hordes of birds, not planes.
Inventors Stealth Technology
'Demon' was developed by a Russian scientist, in 1966 by Dr. Pyotr Ufimtsev through a working paper entitled method of edge waves in the physical theory diffraction (Method of Edge Waves in Physical Theory of Diffraction) which is a working paper which is quite long but not long-winded, published by one of the media in Moscow in 1966. But this paper does not get a warm welcome by experts in there, because a lot of content that can not be digested by common sense. Though Ufimtsev is an experienced expert in the Moscow Institute of Radio Engineering.
Ufimtsev pure idea of disablement formulations radar and its network of crude conclusions drawn from British experts James Clerk Maxwell in the 19th century in which the mixed many times coupled with integrated reasoning, Ufimtsev calculate new ways, which form a specific geometric shape of space reflect electromagnetic radiation. By creating a radar cross calculations are easily overpowered. He set a two-dimensional formula-sided configuration, the form of ordinances to tamper with the components in a radar. The result, radar can be impaired when distracted by a two-dimensional beam earlier. The beam is actually still not enough but if calculated accurately from it can be created three-dimensional planes that are difficult to track radar.
Theoretically, a lot of power to paralyze the stealth, but very much needed computer network that works very quickly. Exactly like watching the ball by using the binoculars in which can be localized, but do not expect to menjejaknya so like the ball played, the players have to dribble off somewhere and may not shoot the ball that flew off somewhere at him with a pellet gun.
In 1979, Russia to develop a reconnaissance aircraft and the pilot was successfully outwit anti-aircraft radar the United States in the deserts of Nevada.
In 1976, a copy was leaked and eventually fell into the hands of the United States, then translated by the U.S. Air Force technology division. Routinely, the experts at the Air Force describing, analyzing and developing technologies such steath. Among a spy plane SR-71 Blackbird, F-117 and B-2.
Principle Aircraft Demon
In principle, that the plane was a stealth (invisible) dalah how to minimize the Radar Cross Section (RCS) which appear on Radar. Steps to be done is to make the design of the plane such that the surfaces of the aircraft as small as possible reflect the emitted radar energy to be recaptured by the radar antenna. Even if necessary form of the plane did not reflect radar energy. If reflected, tried to be the reflection of radar energy is directed toward the other so that if one is caught again, at least only a small fraction. For that, the plane made a strange shape not as usual. As an example, the shape of the B-2, which spans the same length as the span of the DC-10 aircraft but the shape is made flat and curved in the middle of the body. With this form, in addition to rapid propagation of the radar beam is slowed down also gives the effect of reflection in all directions.
Airplane wing shape also influence the reflected radar energy emitted. Form long straight wing aircraft to the side such as providing a perfect reflection so that the aircraft is easily detected. on the monitor screen, RCS point the planes look great.
Seeing this reality, then people make sayung wings backward, indeed minimize the reflection but not satisfactory because of the greater RCS, then the delta was made that make the most of the radar beam on the wing, largely exiled to the other direction. Then made the wings with crescent shapes like those of the next-generation aircraft. By creating an arch in the wing, leading edge, then the reflection of the more perfect in the other direction.
Another design is to form a plane-sided facet facet kubustik such as eye shape, as in the eyes of dragonflies. The form is also found on the helicopter on the generation of 1980-1990's as the AH-1 Cobra and AH-64 Apache so that the reflection of radar is not returned to the radar antenna.
Then the general design of stealth aircraft does not permit the mounting pylon or a missile or rocket that is attached to the body and wings of aircraft such as those found in aircraft generally. So that the missile was placed on the shelf-bomb (bomb bay) specifically.
Another way is by using a special material known as RAM (Radar Anti-material) that merupaka radar beam energy absorbent material. These materials include epoxy composites graphyte form of carbon. Because of that material, then the radar energy is not terpantulkan.
Nevertheless, the draft is still not perfect to fool the radar. For example, the F-117 stealth aircraft had been shot down by anti-aircraft missile SAM (Surface to Air Missiles) SA-2 Guideline's Serbia when NATO air operations in 1999 during the Kosovo conflict.
